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. 2021 Jun 2;15(11):3399–3411. doi: 10.1038/s41396-021-01016-7

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A The experimental design. A total of 162 human subjects were divided into three groups according to disease states: healthy control (Healthy), mild Graves’ disease (GD I) and severe Graves’ disease (GD II). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was applied to perform microbiome analyses of fecal samples, while multiple clinical indexes were examined. B The violin plots showing the differential distributions of clinical indexes among three host groups. C The Mantel tests quantifying the correlation between each pair of measurements (taxonomic profile, functional profile, predicted metabolite profile and clinical indexes) from host individuals. The values in the lower triangle indicate the Mantel R statistics, which range from −1 to 1, representing the correlation between a pair of measurements. The corresponding p values of the correlations are shown in the upper triangle. D The Adonis test showed that Graves’ Disease is the dominant factor contributing to the variation in the intestinal microbiome of human subjects. Asterisks: statistical significance (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001).