Table 1.
Anthropomorphic metrics, baseline ventricular volumetry, and exercise measurements for subjects included in final analysis
| Term adults (n = 9) | Preterm adults (n = 10) | padult | Term adolescents (n = 17) | Preterm adolescents (n = 16) | padolescent | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropomorphic metrics | ||||||
| Sex | 6M, 3F | 5M, 5F | – | 8M, 9F | 5M, 11F | – |
| Current age [year] | 26 ± 1 | 27 ± 1 | 0.06 | 13 ± 1 | 13 ± 1 | 0.70 |
| Gestational age [week] | 40 ± 1 | 29 ± 3 | < 0.001 | 40 ± 1 | 28 ± 2 | < 0.001 |
| Birth weight [g] | N/A* | 1087 ± 297 | – | 3497 ± 366 | 1097 ± 274 | < 0.001 |
| Current height [m] | 1.74 ± 0.07 | 1.69 ± 0.12 | 0.28 | 1.64 ± 0.09 | 1.58 ± 0.10 | 0.08 |
| Current weight [kg] | 69 ± 9 | 67 ± 15 | 0.71 | 51 ± 10 | 48 ± 9 | 0.56 |
| BMI | 22.7 ± 1.6 | 23.3 ± 3.3 | 0.64 | 18.6 ± 2.3 | 19.4 ± 2.7 | 0.42 |
| BSA [m2] | 1.83 ± 0.15 | 1.77 ± 0.24 | 0.53 | 1.51 ± 0.19 | 1.45 ± 0.17 | 0.37 |
| RV volumetry | ||||||
| EDVI [mL/m2] | 97 ± 15 | 93 ± 10 | 0.48 | 81 ± 11 | 71 ± 12 | 0.01 |
| ESVI [mL/m2] | 43 ± 9 | 41 ± 8 | 0.42 | 36 ± 6 | 29 ± 6 | 0.004 |
| SV index [mL/m2] | 54 ± 9 | 52 ± 6 | 0.73 | 45 ± 7 | 42 ± 7 | 0.12 |
| EF | 0.55 ± 0.05 | 0.57 ± 0.05 | 0.59 | 0.56 ± 0.05 | 0.58 ± 0.04 | 0.09 |
| Exercise measurements | ||||||
| VO2max [L/min] [4, 28] | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 0.008 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 0.007 |
| VO2max [mL/kg/min] [4, 28] | 50.0 ± 10.4 | 38.1 ± 8.6 | 0.01 | 48.3 ± 11.0 | 43.3 ± 6.9 | 0.13 |
| Pmax [W] | 231 ± 54 | 184 ± 42 | 0.05 | 153 ± 34 | 124 ± 27 | 0.01 |
| GPAQ [MET/week] [4] | 3368 ± 2550 | 3420 ± 2006 | 0.96 | – | – | – |
| PAQ-C [29] | – | – | – | 1.93 ± 0.39 | 1.89 ± 0.45 | 0.79 |
Results are presented as the mean plus/minus the standard deviation of the sample. p-values are for comparisons within each age cohort. Significant p-values (p < 0.05) are in bold. *Birth weights were not collected for the young adult term controls. M male, F female, BMI body mass index, BSA body surface area, EDVI end diastolic volume index, ESVI end systolic volume index, SV stroke volume, EF ejection fraction, VO2max maximum oxygen consumption, Pmax maximum exercise power, GPAQ Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, PAQ-C Physical Activity Questionnaire for older Children