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. 2021 Oct 21;21:191. doi: 10.1186/s12862-021-01917-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Variability of the family Juglandaceae represented over the circular map of Juglans regia, and comparison of percentage of variable characters in Juglandaceae plastomes. a Circular map comparing the chloroplast genomes of the genera of the walnut family (the reference chloroplast genome sequence NCBI accession number: KT963008; Hu et al. 2016a). The two inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb) separate the large (LSC) and small (SSC) single copy regions, respectively. Genes represented by outside rectangles are on the positive strand, genes represented by inside rectangles are on the negative strand. Density of chloroplast SNPs is represented by a heatmap that varies from low (white) to high (dark blue). The circle depicts average SNP density estimated in 350 bp moving windows. Carya = Carya cathayensis, Rhoiptelea = Rhoiptelea chiliantha, Alfaropsis = Alfaropsis roxburghiana, Platycarya = Platycarya strobilacea, Pterocarya = Pterocarya fraxinifolia, Juglans = Juglans ailantifolia. Comparison of percentage of variable characters in Juglandaceae plastomes. b Protein-coding genes (CDS), c Intergenic spacer (IGS) regions. The peaks labeled in blue were highly variable genes or regions