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. 2021 Oct 21;1(4):336–344. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.08.008

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression scores by gender, age, and occupation. (A) Histogram of PHQ-9 depression scores in 2307 health care workers. The prevalence of moderate or severe depression was 45.3% (median PHQ-9 score = 9 [interquartile range, 5–14]). (B) PHQ-9 depression scores were modestly higher in women compared with men (Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance χ2 = 7.5, p = .024). (C) PHQ-9 scores decreased with age (Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance χ2 = 95.5, p = 2.18 × 10−18). (D) PHQ-9 depression varied by occupation (Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance χ2 = 72.6, p = 2.94 × 10−14). Boxplots in panels (B–D) depict median and interquartile range, with whiskers denoting full range excluding outliers (denoted by +).