Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the discovery cohort.

	ATB (n = 20)	Untreated -LTBI (n = 20)	Treated LTBI (n = 20)	HC (n = 20)
Male sex, n (%)	11 (55)	8 (40)	7 (35)	8 (40)
Age (years), mean ± SD	48 ± 13	36 ± 13	36 ± 13	37 ± 11
Pulmonary TB, n (%)	11 (55)	0	0	0
TB high burden countries*, n (%)	10 (50)	4 (20)	0 (0)	0 (0)
TB in history, n (%)	1 (5)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Prior BCG vaccination, n (%)	7 (35)	7 (35)	2 (10)	3 (15)
Missing, n (%)	5 (25)	3 (15)	1 (5)	0 (0)
Smoking or in history, n (%)	11 (55)	8 (40)	10 (50)	2 (10)
Diabetes, n (%)	3 (15)	2 (10)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Kidney disease, n (%)	1 (5)	1 (5)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Immunosuppressive medication, n (%)	2 (10)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)

ATB, active tuberculosis; Untreated LTBI, latent tuberculosis infection without prophylaxis; Treated LTBI, latent tuberculosis infection after completion of prophylaxis; HC, healthy control; n, sample size; SD, standard deviation; TB, tuberculosis; BCG, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.

*Defined as a country of origin with a TB incidence of more than 50 cases per 100,000 inhabitants annually.