Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population divided by LA severity
| No LA (n = 83) | Mild LA (n = 64) | Moderate LA (n = 98) | Severe LA (n = 112) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 56.7±14.4 | 59.1±11.8 | 62.8±12.0 | 69.5±11.0 | < 0.001 |
| Male | 60 (72.3) | 46 (71.9) | 63 (64.3) | 68 (60.7) | 0.266 |
| Drinking | 26 (31.3) | 19 (29.7) | 22 (22.4) | 25 (22.3) | 0.379 |
| Smoking | 29 (34.9) | 26 (40.6) | 31 (31.6) | 31 (27.7) | 0.345 |
| Hypertension | 59 (74.7) | 57 (91.9) | 75 (80.6) | 91 (88.3) | 0.017 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (8.4) | 5 (7.8) | 18 (18.4) | 17 (15.2) | 0.115 |
| Prior stroke | 7 (8.4) | 10 (15.6) | 16 (16.3) | 37 (33.0) | < 0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1 (1.2) | 4 (6.3) | 6 (6.1) | 6 (5.4) | 0.375 |
| Antiplatelet use | 9 (11.0) | 9 (14.1) | 10 (10.2) | 20 (17.9) | 0.368 |
| Statins use | 6 (7.2) | 3 (4.7) | 4 (4.1) | 12 (10.2) | 0.239 |
| NIHSS | 2 (1–5) | 2 (1–6) | 4 (2–6) | 3 (2–7) | 0.009 |
| GCS | 15 (15–15) | 15 (14–15) | 15 (14–15) | 15 (15–15) | 0.373 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 150.5±24.2 | 152.4±25.1 | 155.4±24.2 | 158.1±22.4 | 0.138 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 86.8±14.7 | 88.0±13.4 | 88.9±14.9 | 88.6±14.7 | 0.77 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 108.1±16.4 | 109.4±15.4 | 111.1±16.4 | 111.8±15.6 | 0.379 |
| Glucose (mM) | 6.2±2.1 | 5.6±1.5 | 6.6±2.9 | 5.8±1.6 | 0.025 |
| Cholesterol (mM) | 4.7±1.1 | 4.6±1.3 | 4.7±1.1 | 4.7±1.0 | 0.766 |
| TG (mM) | 1.7±1.2 | 1.8±1.3 | 1.8±1.5 | 1.6±1.1 | 0.853 |
| LDL (mM) | 3.1±1.0 | 3.0±1.0 | 2.9±0.9 | 2.9±0.9 | 0.385 |
| HDL (mM) | 1.2±0.3 | 1.2±0.5 | 1.3±0.7 | 1.3±1.0 | 0.507 |
| BUN (mM) | 6.0±4.6 | 5.6±4.0 | 5.2±1.6 | 5.4±1.9 | 0.376 |
| Cr (μM) | 71.5 (58.3–86.0) | 70.5 (62–81.0) | 72.0 (61.5–82.0) | 72.0 (57.5–91.5) | 0.942 |
| Imaging characteristics | |||||
| Hematoma volume (cm3) | 7.0 (3.1–13.5) | 6.0 (1.9–16.2) | 5.1 (2.1–12.0) | 4.8 (1.7–10.4) | 0.354 |
| Hematoma location (lobar/non-lobar) | 17 (20.5) | 15 (23.4) | 18 (18.4) | 35 (31.3) | 0.137 |
| SBI | 12 (14.5) | 9 (14.1) | 13 (13.3) | 22 (19.6) | 0.584 |
| CMBs | 1 (0–4) | 1 (0–3) | 2 (0–5) | 5 (1–12) | < 0.001 |
| Prognosis | |||||
| Functional dependence | 6 (7.2) | 8 (12.5) | 25 (25.5) | 23 (20.5) | 0.006 |
| Stroke recurrence | 5 (6.0) | 4 (6.3) | 16 (16.3) | 18 (16.1) | 0.039 |
Data are expressed as number (percentage), mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) as appropriate. For continuous variables, if the data fit the normal distribution, one-way analysis of variance test was used. For non-normal continuous variables, the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied. For categorical variables, the Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used. BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; CMBs: cerebral microbleeds; Cr: creatinine; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LA: leukoaraiosis; LDL: low density lipoprotein; MAP: mean arterial pressure; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SBI: silent brain infarction; SBP: systolic blood pressure; TG: triglyceride.