TABLE 2.
Characteristics of cognitively normal participants by subgroup.
| Study groups |
Effect size1 | ||
| Healthy controls | Subjective complaints/No impairments | ||
| Number | 104 | 17 | |
| Age | 65.3 (8.2) | 68.6 (6.9) | 0.02 |
| Education | 16.2 (2.9) | 16.4 (4.7) | 0.001 |
| Sex [Percent (N) Male] | 26.9 (28) | 52.9 (9) | 0.20* |
| Race [Percent (N) Caucasian] | 56.7 (59) | 76.5 (13) | 0.15 |
| Handedness [Percent(N) Right] | 96.1 (99) | 92.9 (13) | 0.05 |
| APOE*4 Present [Percent(N)] | 27.2 (25) | 30.8 (4) | 0.01 |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment | 26.4 (2.4) | 26.9 (1.4) | 0.008 |
| Wide Range Achievement Test – 4 | 64.1 (5.0) | 57.5 (2.1) | 0.095 |
| Walk Endurance – 2min distance | 523.0 (82.7) | 677.5 (419.0) | 0.10* |
| Gait Speed – 4meter walk – time | 3.4 (0.5) | 3.3 (0.4) | 0.003 |
| Oral Reading Recognition | 6.9 (3.8) | 6.7 (2.4) | 0.000 |
| Dimensional Change Card Sort Test | 29.4 (0.8) | 28.7 (1.4) | 0.07* |
| Flanker Inhibitory Control | 19.9 (0.8) | 20.0 (0.0) | 0.002 |
| Pattern Comparison | 41.7 (6.1) | 41.4 (7.6) | 0.000 |
| Picture Sequence Memory | 11.8 (6.8) | 11.2 (6.9) | 0.001 |
| Crystalized Cognition | 113.3 (9.6) | 114.4 (7.8) | 0.002 |
| Fluid Cognition | 97.6 (8.9) | 97.0 (9.9) | 0.001 |
| Total Cognition | 105.8 (8.8) | 106.0 (9.0) | 0.000 |
| Promis Abilities | 31.5 (7.0) | 27.3 (7.5) | 0.04* |
| Promis Concerns | 15.4 (7.0) | 20.4 (8.1) | 0.06* |
| General Life Satisfaction | 20.0 (7.8) | 19.1 (4.5) | 0.002 |
| Meaning and Purpose | 30.4 (15.9) | 21.9 (8.5) | 0.04* |
| Positive Affect | 19.3 (13.3) | 15.8 (11.7) | 0.009 |
| Sadness | 8.8 (2.4) | 9.0 (2.5) | 0.001 |
| Self-Efficacy | 20.0 (9.5) | 17.2 (8.6) | 0.011 |
1Cramer’s V or Cohen’s f2 ∗p < 0.05.