Table 3.

Exosome-derived ncRNAs serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for BCa.

Type of ncRNAs	Exosomal ncRNAs	Types of specimen	Sample size		Dysregulation	AUC	95% CI	Sensitivity	Specificity	Ref./PMID
			Case	Control
LncRNA	UCA1-201	Urine	59	24	Down	0.93	–	75.4%	100%	30568497
LncRNA	UCA1-203	Urine	59	24	Up	0.8	–	72.4%	75%	30568497
LncRNA	MALAT1	Urine	59	24	Up	0.73	–	63.8%	83.3%	30568497
LncRNA	Lnc_00355	Urine	59	24	Up	0.75	–	68%	79.2%	30568497
LncRNA	Combination of UCA1-201, UCA1-203, MALAT1, and LINC00355	Urine	59	24	–	0.96	–	92%	91.7%	30568497
LncRNA	ANRIL	Urine	30	10	Up	0.723	0.498–0.948	46.7%	87.5%	32231490
LncRNA	PCAT-1	Urine	30	10	Up	0.729	0.495–0.963	43.3%	87.5%	32231490
LncRNA	UCA1	Serum	30	30	Up	0.878	0.7926–0.964	80%	83.3%	28841829
LncRNA	PTENP1	Plasma	50	60	Down	0.743	0.645–0.840	–	–	30285771
LncRNA	Combination of MALAT1, PCAT-1, and SPRY4-IT1	Urine	104	104	Up	0.854	0.799–0.899	70.2%	85.6%	30268126
LncRNA	MALAT1	Urine	104	104	Up	0.844	0.787–0.890	72.1%	84.6%	30268126
LncRNA	PCAT-1	Urine	104	104	Up	0.832	0.774–0.880	72.1%	81.7%	30268126
LncRNA	SPRY4-IT1	Urine	104	104	Up	0.760	0.696–0.817	66.3%	76.9%	30268126
LncRNA	H19	Serum	52	52	Up	0.851	0.787–0.903	74.07%	78.08%	30576305
LncRNA	LNMAT2	Urine	206	120	Up	0.769	0.715–0.823	–	–	31593555
LncRNA	Combination of PCAT-1, UBC1, and SNHG16	Serum	160	160	Up	0.826	0.780–0.866	80%	75%	30467945
LncRNA	PCAT-1	Serum	160	160	Up	0.753	–	–	–	30467945
LncRNA	UBC1	Serum	160	160	Up	0.751	–	–	–	30467945
LncRNA	SNHG16	Serum	160	160	Up	0.681	–	–	–	30467945
microRNA	Combination of miR-139-5p, miR-136-3p and miR-19b1-5p	Urine	59	34	–	0.903	–	80%	88.2%	31679136

BCa, bladder cancer; AUC, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve; CI, confidence interval.