Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants
| Table 1a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALL | Mean PAT response | ||||
| [ALL] | <median | >median | P value | ||
| N | 1407 | 704 | 703 | ||
| Age (years) | 68.4 (9.09) | 67.8 (8.92) | 69.1 (9.22) | 0.007 | |
| Race/Ethnicity: | 0.001 | ||||
| 1: White | 506 (36.0%) | 267 (37.9%) | 239 (34.0%) | ||
| 2: Chinese American | 180 (12.8%) | 107 (15.2%) | 73 (10.4%) | ||
| 3: African American | 392 (27.9%) | 168 (23.9%) | 224 (31.9%) | ||
| 4: Hispanic | 329 (23.4%) | 162 (23.0%) | 167 (23.8%) | ||
| Sex (Male) | 668 (47.5%) | 294 (41.8%) | 374 (53.2%) | <0.001 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.8 (5.47) | 28.4 (5.38) | 29.2 (5.53) | 0.012 | |
| Height (m2) | 166 (10.1) | 164 (9.75) | 167 (10.4) | <0.001 | |
| Current smoking | 93 (6.64%) | 34 (4.86%) | 59 (8.43%) | 0.019 | |
| Diabetes | 162 (11.5%) | 74 (10.5%) | 88 (12.5%) | 0.182 | |
| Hypertension | 811 (57.6%) | 389 (55.3%) | 422 (60.0%) | 0.079 | |
| Hypertension Medication | 769 (54.7%) | 360 (51.1%) | 409 (58.2%) | 0.009 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 123 (19.9) | 123 (20.0) | 123 (19.9) | 0.776 | |
| Lipid lowering medication | 531 (37.7%) | 255 (36.2%) | 276 (39.3%) | 0.262 | |
| Baseline CVD | 90 (6.42%) | 35 (4.99%) | 55 (7.86%) | 0.038 | |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 54.8 (15.8) | 55.3 (15.6) | 54.3 (16.0) | 0.264 | |
| LDL | 107 (31.9) | 109 (31.7) | 105 (32.0) | 0.028 | |
| AHI (/hr) | Median [IQR] | 19.5 [10.8;34.0] | 16.9 [8.76;31.2] | 22.0 [12.8;36.3] | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) | 25.0 (19.4) | 22.8 (19.2) | 27.2 (19.4) | <0.001 | |
| OAI (/hr) | Median [IQR] | 1.1 [0.2;4.7] | 1.0 [0.2;4.0] | 1.3 [0.2;5.4] | 0.003 |
| Mean (SD) | 4.3 (8.5) | 3.8 (8.3) | 4.8 (8.7) | 0.026 | |
| Table 1b | |||||
| ALL | Mean PAT response | ||||
| [ALL] | <median | >median | P value | ||
| N=1407 | N=704 | N=703 | |||
| LV mass (g/m2) | 148 (35.4) | 143 (31.6) | 154 (38.4) | <0.001 | |
| CPB Score | 2.18 (2.35) | 1.98 (2.22) | 2.37 (2.46) | 0.004 | |
| Presence of CAC | 820 (67.2%) | 381 (62.4%) | 439 (72.1%) | <0.001 | |
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; AHI, apnea hypopnea index; OAI, obstructive apnea index; PAT, pulse arrival time. ‘Average PAT response’ denotes mean area under the PAT response curve following obstructive respiratory events that are associated with significant PAT decline.
LV, left ventricle; CPB, carotid plaque burden; CAC, coronary artery calcium
‘Average PAT response’ denotes mean area under the PAT response curve following obstructive respiratory events that are associated with significant PAT decline.
Values expressed as mean (SD) or N (%)