Table 3.
Adrenal adenomas and the risk for incident cardiometabolic outcomes
| Outcome | Adrenal adenoma | No adrenal adenoma | Model 1a HRb (95% CI) | Model 2c HR (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At risk, n | Events, n | 10-year cumulative incidence | At risk, n | Events | 10-year cumulative incidence | |||
| Hypertension | 109 | 50 | 0.86 | 271 | 137 | 0.76 | 0.81 (0.58-1.13) | 0.81 (0.58-1.13) |
| Dyslipidemia | 291 | 123 | 0.57 | 276 | 148 | 0.49 | 1.06 (0.82-1.37) | 1.04 (0.80-1.35) |
| Dysglycemiad | 700 | 119 | 0.18 | 818 | 88 | 0.14 | 1.41 (1.06-1.87) | 1.32 (0.99-1.76) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 891 | 167 | 0.19 | 930 | 112 | 0.12 | 1.57 (1.23-2.01) | 1.46 (1.14-1.86) |
| Myocardial infarction | 884 | 72 | 0.09 | 940 | 50 | 0.06 | 1.53 (1.06-2.22) | 1.45 (1.02-2.13) |
| Coronary intervention | 873 | 69 | 0.09 | 928 | 51 | 0.07 | 1.47 (1.02-2.13) | 1.37 (0.94-1.98) |
| Ischemic stroke | 890 | 83 | 0.10 | 930 | 63 | 0.08 | 1.28 (0.91-1.78) | 1.18 (0.84-1.64) |
| Cardiovascular eventse | 793 | 131 | 0.19 | 863 | 200 | 0.14 | 1.45 (1.11-1.89) | 1.33 (1.01-1.73) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 871 | 125 | 0.16 | 911 | 93 | 0.11 | 1.37 (1.04-1.79) | 1.29 (0.98-1.69) |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 594 | 242 | 0.46 | 730 | 224 | 0.33 | 1.35 (1.12-1.63) | 1.31 (1.08-1.58) |
| Heart failure | 849 | 148 | 0.20 | 927 | 125 | 0.13 | 1.34 (1.05-1.70) | 1.23 (0.96-1.58) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 711 | 226 | 0.35 | 836 | 200 | 0.25 | 1.35 (1.11-1.65) | 1.28 (1.05-1.55) |
| DVT | 921 | 74 | 0.09 | 970 | 35 | 0.04 | 2.10 (1.39-3.16) | 2.07 (1.37-3.14) |
| PE | 925 | 41 | 0.05 | 978 | 22 | 0.03 | 1.85 (1.09-3.13) | 1.89 (1.11-3.21) |
| DVT or PE | 898 | 90 | 0.16 | 963 | 43 | 0.05 | 2.16 (1.49-3.31) | 2.15 (1.48-3.13) |
| Overall mortality | 961 | 233 | 0.25 | 967 | 196 | 0.20 | 1.17 (0.96-1.42) | 1.11 (0.92-1.35) |
Abbreviations: DVT, deep venous thrombosis; HR, hazard ratio; PE, pulmonary embolism.
a Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and cigarette smoking (ever/never).
b Hazard ratios were calculated to assess the risk of incident outcomes in patients with adrenal adenomas vs referent subjects, starting at 1 year after the index date. Participants with the outcome of interest at baseline or prior to the one-year mark were excluded from the analysis for the particular condition.
c Model 2: adjusted for Model 1 variables plus number of prevalent cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, chronic kidney disease, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and cardiovascular events).
d Dysgylcemia: composite of prediabetes or diabetes mellitus.
e Cardiovascular events: composite of myocardial infarction, coronary intervention, or ischemic stroke.