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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Nutr Food Res. 2021 Aug 31;65(20):e2100539. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202100539

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

Effects of coffee extracts and norharman on colon stem cell derived organoid growth and organoid forming efficiency. (A) Effects of coffee and norharman on intestinal stem cell enriched organoid growth. Pooled stem cells from three mice were plated in Matrigel and treated with DMSO, coffee extracts or norharman every 36 h for 6 d and total organoids were quantified in the different treatment groups with the solvent control (DMSO) set at 100%. Results are expressed as means ± SE for 3 separate experiments for each treatment group and significant (p < 0.05) inhibition by coffee extracts or norharman is indicated (*). AhR knockout and AhR+/+-derived organoids growing in Matrigel and treated with (B) 5x coffee extracts and (C) 10 μM norharman are illustrated. (D) Effects of coffee extracts and norharman on organoid forming efficiencies. The percentage of sorted stem cells that develop into organoids was determined using the same treatment groups and growth conditions as indicated in (A). Results are expressed as means ± SE for at least three replicate determinations for each treatment group and significant differences were observed in solvent (DMSO) control organoids derived from wild-type and AhR-intestinal knockout mice.