Figure 1.

Rates of heart failure medication prescription during clinic visits for patients with heart failure with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 35%.

*In-Person refers to Covid-Era in-Person visits

GDMT includes evidence-based Beta Blocker, ACEi, ARB, ARNI, MRA, Hydralazine or Nitrates (if patient identified as black), or digoxin

Beta blocker = metoprolol, carvedilol, bisoprolol, or nebivolol

Nitrates = isosorbide dinitrate or isosorbide mononitrate

Odds ratios were adjusted by propensity score weighting as well as age, sex, race, insurance status, calendar date, visit length, and visit diagnoses (coronary artery disease, hypertension, atrial fibrillation/flutter, diabetes mellitus, valvular disease, and chronic kidney disease).

Abbreviations: GDMT = guideline directed medical therapy, ACEi = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker, MRA = mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, Ref = reference