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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 22.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Biol. 2021 Aug 24;433(21):167215. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167215

Figure 1. Material states and their biological correlates.

Figure 1.

(A) Equilibria and reversibility between different condensate material states highlighting the range and diversity of their structural organization and the strategies used by the cell to transition from one state to the next. (B) Functional roles of reversible condensates. Left, yeast (Cdc19) has a stabilizing amyloid core. Right, granules such as the Balbiani body or the nucleolus consist of multiple material states, which may contribute to their stability and aggregation/disaggregation dynamics. (C) One-way changes to an amyloid or amyloid-like conformation are needed for some functions. Left, cell-cell interactions by adhesins in Candida albicans, Middle, aggregation of Orb2 in Drosophila melanogaster for long-term memory formation and right, structural amyloids such as the protective chorion layer of oocytes. Purple wavy lines represent RNA. Filled blue circles represent ordered domains and light blue lines represent intrinsically disordered domains of proteins. Black lines represent oligomers. Figure created with Biorender.com. Oocyte in panel C adapted from [72].