Table 2.
Mental health indicators by mode of school instructiona—COVID Experiences Survey,b United States, October 16 to November 6, 2020
| Overall (n = 567) | Mode of school instruction, no., % (95% confidence interval) |
p value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual onlyc (n = 313) | Combinedd (n = 141) | In-person onlye (n = 113) | |||||||
| Mental health variable | |||||||||
| High or very high stress,f past 14 days | .005 | ||||||||
| Yes | 238 | 41.0 (35.5–46.9) | 146 | 44.7 (38.1–51.6) | 59 | 44.8 (33.3–56.8) | 33 | 25.0 (17.3–34.7) | |
| No | 318 | 59.0 (53.1–64.5) | 162 | 55.3 (48.4–61.9) | 79 | 55.2 (43.2–66.7) | 77 | 75.0 (65.3–82.7) | |
| Number of days mental health not good, past 14 days | .003 | ||||||||
| 7–14 days | 67 | 10.8 (7.9–14.5) | 45 | 14.5 (10.0–20.7) | 16 | 7.6 (4.1–13.5) | 6 | 3.9 (1.7–8.7) | |
| <7 days | 499 | 89.2 (85.5–92.1) | 268 | 85.5 (79.3–90.0) | 124 | 92.4 (86.5–95.9) | 107 | 96.1 (91.3–98.3) | |
| Seriously consider attempting suicide, past 12 months | .021 | ||||||||
| Yes | 63 | 10.3 (7.3–14.4) | 42 | 13.5 (8.5–20.8) | 14 | 8.4 (4.1–16.4) | 7 | 3.8 (1.8–7.8) | |
| No | 453 | 89.7 (85.6–92.7) | 239 | 86.5 (79.2–91.5) | 116 | 91.6 (83.6–95.9) | 98 | 96.2 to rep (92.2–98.2) | |
| Persistent symptoms of depressiong | .005 | ||||||||
| Yes | 101 | 15.9 (12.0–20.8) | 70 | 19.1 (15.0–24.1) | 22 | 15.3 (9.3–24.0) | 9 | 7.6 (3.2–17.1) | |
| No | 457 | 84.1 (79.2–88.0) | 240 | 80.9 (75.9–85.0) | 113 | 84.7 (76.0–90.7) | 104 | 92.4 (82.9–96.8) | |
| Connectedness variable | |||||||||
| School connectedness | .006 | ||||||||
| Low levels of school connectednessh | 143 | 26.8 (22.2–32.0) | 101 | 34.8 (26.7–43.9) | 27 | 19.1 (10.9–31.4) | 15 | 13.3 (8.6–20.1) | |
| Mid-high levels of school connectednessi | 417 | 73.2 (68.0–77.8) | 209 | 65.2 (56.1–73.3) | 111 | 80.9 (68.6–89.1) | 97 | 86.7 (79.9–91.4) | |
| Family connectedness | .212 | ||||||||
| Low levels of family connectednessh | 152 | 24.0 (19.4–29.3) | 89 | 27.4 (21.1–34.7) | 38 | 21.2 (14.8–29.4) | 25 | 17.6 (10.0–29.1) | |
| Mid-high levels of family connectednessi | 398 | 76.0 (70.7–80.6) | 214 | 72.6 (65.3–78.9) | 98 | 78.8 (70.6–85.2) | 86 | 82.4 (70.9–90.0) | |
NORC = National Opinion Research Center; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item.
Table shows unweighted numbers, weighted overall and column percentages, and weighted 95% confidence intervals.
See technical overview of the AmeriSpeak Panel: NORC’s Probability-Based Household Panel retrieved from https://amerispeak.norc.org/Documents/Research/AmeriSpeak%20Technical%20Overview%202019%2002%2018.pdf.
Virtual indicates 100% virtual school instruction in the 14 days prior to the survey.
Combined indicates a combination of in-person and virtual instruction in the 14 days prior to the survey.
In-person indicates 100% in-person school instruction during the 14 days prior to the survey.
Experiencing high or very high stress in at least one area of life: at school, home, or work, or with friends.
Experiencing at least three symptoms of depression in the teen PHQ-9 more than half the days in the past 2 weeks.
Low levels of school and family connectedness are defined as at or below 25th percentile.
Mid-high levels of school and family connectedness are defined as above the 25th percentile.