Table 2.

Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of separate multivariable logistic regression models of mood and physical function associated with higher energy in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study (N = 2529)

Independent variablea	Unadjusted	Adjusted for age and sex	Further adjusted for pre-existing chronic conditionsb	Further adjusted for muscle strength
Depressive symptoms	0.65 (0.60–0.71)	0.66 (0.61–0.72)	0.68 (0.62–0.75)	0.69 (0.62–0.76)
Usual walk speed	1.5 (1.3–1.6)	1.4 (1.3–1.5)	1.4 (1.2–1.5)	1.3 (1.2–1.4)
Rapid walk speed	1.4 (1.3–1.5)	1.4 (1.3–1.5)	1.3 (1.2–1.4)	1.2 (1.1–1.3)
Time to walk 400mc	0.72 (0.65–0.80)	0.74 (0.66–0.82)	0.76 (0.68–0.84)	0.80 (0.71–0.91)
Minutes walking per week	1.2 (1.1–1.3)	1.1 (1.0–1.2)	1.1 (1.0–1.2)	1.1 (0.99–1.2)
Walking for exercise	1.4 (1.2–1.6)	1.3 (1.1–1.6)	1.3 (1.1–1.5)	1.3 (1.0–1.5)
High intensity exercise	1.4 (1.2–1.7)	1.4 (1.1–1.6)	1.4 (1.1–1.6)	1.4 (1.1–1.7)

Odds ratios for each independent variable in progressive model iterations. Depressive symptoms, usual and rapid walk speed, time to walk 400 m, and high-intensity exercise were significantly associated with higher energy in each iteration

^aEach row reports results of separate models, where the variable listed in the first column is the main independent variable, and the model is progressively adjusted for covariates that were bivariately associated with energy. Note: the main independent variables are in standardized units

^bAdjusted for: peripheral artery disease, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, arthritis

^cTime to walk 400 m was recorded for 1715 participants who completed the walk successfully