Table 3.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at baseline
| All MDD (N = 1475) |
Non-TRD (n = 1046) |
TRD (n = 429) |
P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||||
| Mean | 45.6 | 44.4 | 48.5 | < 0.0001 (MW) |
| Standard deviation | 15.22 | 15.85 | 13.13 | |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Female | 1150 (78.0%) | 803 (76.8%) | 347 (80.9%) | 0.0832 (CS) |
| Male | 325 (22.0%) | 243 (23.2%) | 82 (19.1%) | |
| Marital status, n (%)b | 1459 | 1036 | 423 | |
| Single | 538 (36.9%) | 392 (37.8%) | 146 (34.5%) | 0.0035 (CS) |
| Married/consensual union | 665 (45.6%) | 486 (46.9%) | 179 (42.3%) | |
| Divorced/separated | 176 (12.1%) | 106 (10.2%) | 70 (16.5%) | |
| Widower | 80 (5.5%) | 52 (5.0%) | 28 (6.6%) | |
| Years of formal education, n (%)b | 1357 | 965 | 392 | |
| 0 | 4 (0.3%) | 3 (0.3%) | 1 (0.3%) | 0.8170 (CS) |
| 1–4 | 51 (3.8%) | 35 (3.6%) | 16 (4.1%) | |
| 5–9 | 309 (22.8%) | 212 (22.0%) | 97 (24.7%) | |
| 10–12 | 391 (28.8%) | 283 (29.3%) | 108 (27.6%) | |
| ≥ 13 | 602 (44.4%) | 432 (44.8%) | 170 (43.4%) | |
| Age at diagnosis, yearsb | 1434 | 1020 | 414 | |
| Mean | 37.9 | 38.2 | 37.3 | 0.5973 (MW) |
| Standard deviation | 15.06 | 15.46 | 14.02 | |
| MDD disease duration, yearsb | 1434 | 1020 | 414 | |
| Median | 3.6 | 1.9 | 8.0 | < 0.0001 (MW) |
| Minimum | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Maximum | 69.2 | 46.9 | 69.2 | |
| Number of hospitalizations for MDD in the last year | ||||
| Median | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5888 (MW) |
| Minimum | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Maximum | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | |
| Number of days hospitalized in the last yearb | 80 | 56 | 24 | |
| Median | 14.0 | 14.0 | 11.5 | 0.7685 (MW) |
| Minimum | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Maximum | 157.0 | 157.0 | 96.0 | |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Disease other than MDD | 741 (50.2%) | 468 (44.7%) | 273 (63.6%) | < 0.0001 (CS) |
| Respiratoryc | 90 (12.2%) | 55 (11.8%) | 35 (12.8%) | 0.6753 (CS) |
| Cardiovascularc | 318 (43.0%) | 179 (38.3%) | 139 (50.9%) | 0.0008 (CS) |
| Digestivec | 168 (22.7%) | 95 (20.3%) | 73 (26.7%) | 0.0450 (CS) |
| Endocrine | 308 (41.6%) | 177 (37.8%) | 131 (48.0%) | 0.0068 (CS) |
| Genitourinaryc | 108 (14.6%) | 55 (11.8%) | 53 (19.4%) | 0.0045 (CS) |
| Hematopoieticc | 41 (5.5%) | 23 (4.9%) | 18 (6.6%) | 0.3385 (CS) |
| Musculoskeletalc | 174 (23.5%) | 98 (21.0%) | 76 (27.8%) | 0.0339 (CS) |
| Neurologicalc | 179 (24.2%) | 113 (24.2%) | 66 (24.2%) | 0.9948 (CS) |
| Sense organsc | 63 (8.5%) | 41 (8.8%) | 22 (8.1%) | 0.7346 (CS) |
| Skin and appendicesc | 57 (7.7%) | 38 (8.1%) | 19 (7.0%) | 0.5622 (CS) |
MDD major depressive disorder, TRD treatment-resistant depression, MW Mann–Whitney nonparametric test, CS chi-square test
aTRD versus non-TRD
bSome patients had missing data. Numbers of patients with available data in each population are specified in this row
cOne patient (with non-TRD) was missing data