Table 4.

Blood biochemical parameters of SD rats treated orally with galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS), assessed in acute and subacute toxicity tests

Blood biochemical parameters	Acute toxicity			Subacute toxicity
	Control	GOS		Control	GOS
Female
Glucose (mg/dL)	76.25±24.73	86.00±39.60		78.00±42.88	77.00±29.20
BUN (mg/dL)	20.30±2.21	19.90±0.28		21.18±3.84	21.18±5.15
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.70±0.08	0.60±0.21		0.66±0.13	0.68±0.05
Total protein (g/dL)	6.78±0.15	6.65±0.21		6.38±0.31	6.80±0.08
Albumin (g/dL)	4.80±0.20	4.70±0.00		4.40±0.16	4.63±0.15
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.65±0.21	0.85±0.07		0.66±0.24	0.48±0.05
AST (U/L)	79.25±13.96	91.50±17.68		109.40±18.09	97.25±26.54
ALT (U/L)	20.50±2.08	19.00±1.41		16.80±3.90	19.00±6.88
Male
Glucose (mg/dL)	110.50±21.92	127.33±38.48		119.00±20.86	137.67±45.39
BUN (mg/dL)	18.08±2.57	17.13±3.10		18.76±2.48	17.10±2.65
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.58±0.10	0.53±0.06		0.58±0.15	0.60±0.10
Total protein (g/dL)	6.65±0.17	6.30±0.10		6.58±0.19	6.43±0.15
Albumin (g/dL)	4.48±0.10	4.37±0.06		4.26±0.21	4.17±0.10
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.45±0.06	0.43±0.12		0.42±0.11	0.47±0.31
AST (U/L)	86.25±19.79	74.67±8.08		105.60±14.15	86.00±11.14
ALT (U/L)	19.00±11.17	16.67±3.06		18.00±3.81	15.00±1.00

Values are mean±SD for 5 rats/group.

The differences between the control and treated groups were evaluated by Student’s t-tests at *P<0.05.

Group for acute toxicity was given water vehicle or GOS at 5,000 mg/kg once followed by no treatment for 14 days. Group for subacute toxicity was given water vehicle or GOS at 1,000 mg/kg daily for 28 days.