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. 2021 Oct 21;12:6115. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26347-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Schematic organization of the IL33 gene and the asthma-associated region (black bars) of European ancestry (CEU 41 kb, chr9: 6,172,380–6,213,468; hg19) and African ancestry (ASW 20 kb, chr9: 6,188,124–6,209,099; hg19) positioned upstream of exon 1. b Position of the lead GWAS SNPs (in red) and additional SNPs in high LD (r² ≥ 0.8) with the lead SNPs (in black) within the ASW 20 kb LD region. The lead SNP rs1888909 in African ancestry is shown in blue. Chromatin states from Roadmap Epigenomics Project showing regions with potential regulatory activity. Yellow: active enhancer; green: transcribed sequence; blue: heterochromatin. DNase hypersensitive (DHS) sites indicating open chromatin regions are shown. Tissues (from the top): E096 Lung primary HMM; E095 Left ventricle primary HMM; E116 GM128781 Lymphoblastoid cell primary HMM; E122 HUVEC Umbilical Vein Endothelial Primary Cells Primary HMM. c ChIP-seq data from ENCODE-3 cell lines (338 factors; 130 cell types) showing co-binding of CTCF, RAD2, ZFNs, and SMC-3 at the 5 kb interval (blue shaded region; chr9: 6,194,500–6,199,500; hg19). d UCSC Multispecies conservation showing that the 5 kb region is not conserved across species. Organism (from the top): rhesus; mouse; dog; elephant. A single line means no bases in the alignment, and double lines indicate one or more unaligned bases.