Table 1.
Demographics, SB history, and ESST performance
| SB− (n = 77) | SB+ (n = 67) | Total (N = 144a) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | ||||
| Sex | Female | 42 (54.55) | 42 (64.62) | 84 (59.16) |
| Male | 35 (44.87) | 21 (32.31) | 56 (39.44) | |
| Non-binary | – | 2 (3.08) | 2 (1.41) | |
| Sexual Orientation | Heterosexual | 59 (78.67) | 44 (72.13) | 103 (75.74) |
| LGBQ+ | 16 (21.33) | 17 (27.87) | 33 (24.27) | |
| Race | Asian | 1 (1.28) | 4 (5.97) | 5 (3.55) |
| Black or African American | 3 (3.85) | 1 (1.49) | 4 (2.84) | |
| Multiracial/Other | 8 (10.26) | 6 (8.96) | 14 (9.93) | |
| Native American | 2 (2.56) | – | 2 (1.42) | |
| White | 62 (76.92) | 54 (80.60) | 116 (82.27) | |
| Ethnicity | Hispanic or Latinx | 8 (10.81) | 4 (6.56) | 12 (8.89) |
| Non-Hispanic | 66 (89.19) | 57 (93.44) | 123 (91.11) | |
| Marital status | Divorced or separated | 20 (26.67) | 18 (29.03) | 38 (27.74) |
| Married or cohabitating | 14 (18.67) | 8 (12.90) | 22 (16.06) | |
| Single/Never married | 39 (52.00) | 36 (58.07) | 75 (54.75) | |
| Widowed | 2 (2.67) | – | 2 (1.46) | |
| Annual Income (USD) | < $10,000 | 19 (23.08) | 22 (33.85) | 41 (27.59) |
| $10,000 – $29,999 | 21 (26.92) | 19 (27.69) | 40 (26.90) | |
| $30,000 – $49,999 | 25 (32.05) | 10 (15.39) | 35 (24.14) | |
| $50,000 – $69,999 | 4 (3.85) | 2 (3.08) | 6 (3.45) | |
| $70,000+ | 2 (2.56) | 3 (4.62) | 5 (3.45) | |
| Covariate (range) | M (SD) | |||
| Age (18–65 years) | 38.22 (12.34) | 36.85 (14.20) | 37.59 (13.20) | |
| Education (3–23 years) | 14.10 (3.20) | 13.15 (2.86) | 13.67 (3.07) | |
| ESST Accuracyb (48–100%) | 88.97 (10.00) | 86.90 (10.09) | 88.04 (10.05) | |
| ESST False Alarmsb (29–98%) | 54.98 (19.55) | 53.85 (17.49) | 54.47 (18.59) | |
| ESST Missesb (0–35%) | 7.87 (7.11) | 8.05 (7.14) | 7.95 (7.10) | |
| ESST No-signal reaction timeb (426.76–1035.53 ms) | 788.00 (100.01) | 785.19 (121.60) | 786.73 (109.83) | |
| ESST Stop-signal reaction timeb (120.56–817.41 ms) | 349.43 (162.60) | 363.46 (184.74) | 355.75 (172.38) | |
Note. SB = Suicidal Behaviors (measured at baseline); ESST = Emotional Stop-Signal Task. Accuracy calculated as the proportion of correctly classified positive and negative images during no-signal trials.
Missing data included n = 2 (sex), n = 8 (sexual orientation), n = 3 (race), n = 9 (ethnicity), n = 7 (marital status), n = 17 (income), n = 2 (age), and n = 11 (education);
A subset of participants (n = 13) were excluded from the above calculations due to outlier ESST values (e.g., more than 3 SDs from the mean); we accordingly control for relevant ESST performance metrics in subsequent correlational and regression analyses, as excluding these participants reduced statistical power but did not affect hypothesized results (please refer to supplementary materials for analytic results from regression models omitting outlier values and including demographic covariates of non-interest).