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. 2021 Oct 8;12:745893. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.745893

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Representative immunofluorescent multiplex findings in melanoma LMD. (A) Gross findings of nodular tumor that was resected adjacent to the region of leptomeningeal spread. The specimens were stained with 7-color opal multiplex staining technique consisting of: Cyan-S100B tumor, Yellow-CD68, Red-CD163, Orange-CD3, Green-pSTAT3, White-CD11c and dark Blue-DAPI. (B) Higher magnified view of another image of LMD that displays CD163+ macrophages (red arrows) and occasional CD3+ T cells (orange arrows). (C) Perivascular cuffing of melanoma cells demonstrating abundant CD163+ macrophage infiltration. (D) In nodular melanoma, CD163+ macrophages (red arrows) and CD3+ T cells (orange arrows) are visualized in the perivascular areas. (E) CD3+ T cell infiltration in the stroma of nodular melanoma. (F) CD11c+ and CD3+ (orange arrows) cells cluster in the stroma of nodular melanoma. (G) CD163+ (red arrow) and CD3+ (orange arrow) cluster seen at the interface of the melanoma and the brain.