Table 2.

Descriptive statistics of observed variables

	M (SD)	Sample range	Possible range
Change in negativity bias (valence bias ratings after > before the onset of the COVID pandemic)*	11.75% (29.62)	-52.17 to + 100%	-100 to + 100%
Reappraisal score (ERQ-R)	5.18 (1.03)	1.83 to 7	1 to 7
Suppression score (ERQ-S)	3.52 (1.44)	1 to 7	1 to 7
Perceived stress score (PSS)	15.16 (7.96)	1 to 32	0 to 40

^*Note: Negative values in change in negativity bias denote a shift toward more positive ratings of surprised faces after compared to before the onsets of the COVID-19 pandemic; positive values denote a shift toward more negative ratings