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. 2021 Oct 7;9(10):e31748. doi: 10.2196/31748

Table 2.

Heart rates before, during, and after scenario completion, per study group (N=150).


Heart rate (bpma)

Mobile app (n=73), mean (SD) Conventional method (n=76), mean (SD) Difference (95% CI)b P value
Baseline 79.3 (14.4) 78.5 (12.7) 1.0 (−3.3 to 5.3) .64
First drug, HRcpeak 123.1 (9.2) 124.1 (12.2) −1.1 (−4.7 to 2.4) .53
Second drug, HRpeak 121.1 (10.9) 119.9 (13.3) 1.0 (−2.8 to 4.8) .61
Third drug, HRpeak 120.4 (11.4) 117.9 (13.3) 2.4 (−1.4 to 6.2) .22
Fourth drug, HRpeak 114.1 (13.5) 110.5 (13.7) 3.4 (−0.9 to 7.6) .12
Recovery 79.3 (15.0) 76.8 (13.7) 1.9 (−2.3 to 6.1) .37
Maximal HRpeakd 126.1 (10.3) 126.0 (12.1) −0.1 (−3.8 to 3.5) .95

abpm: beats per minute.

bLinear regression models adjusted for center and baseline heart rate using linear regression models (except for baseline heart rate adjusted for center only). A negative difference means that the average value is lower with than without PedAMINES.

cHR: heart rate.

dHighest value of HRpeak among the 4 drugs.