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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 22.
Published in final edited form as: Birth Defects Res. 2021 Jul 30;113(17):1267–1274. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1945

TABLE 1.

Sensitivity and positive predictive value for Zika immunoglobulin M testing compared to congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) clinical phenotypes

CZS clinical phenotype (+) CZS clinical phenotype (−) Total Sensitivity PPV
Cases with complete negative CMV or toxoplasmosis testing
 IgM+ or equivocal 13 11 24
 IgM− 2 9 11
 Total 15a 20 35 87% 54%
All cases, regardless of CMV or toxoplasmosis testing
 IgM+ or equivocal 25 26 51
 IgM− 3 118 121
 Total 28b 144 172 89% 49%

Abbreviations: CMV = cytomegalovirus; IgM = immunoglobulin M.

a

15/33 infants with at least one birth defect considered highly specific for congenital ZIKV infection also met testing criteria. Eighteen infants were excluded due to lack of maternal ZIKV testing, no infant postnatal ZIKV testing performed, positive postnatal ZIKV NAAT or did not have complete or negative CMV or toxoplasmosis testing.

b

28/33 infants with at least one birth defect considered highly specific for congenital ZIKV infection also met testing criteria. Five infants were excluded due to lack of maternal ZIKV testing, no infant postnatal ZIKV testing performed or positive postnatal ZIKV NAAT.