Table 2.
Coverage of intervention topics during clinical visits.
| Frequency |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention (N = 10) |
Control (N = 11) |
|||
| Topic areas | n | % | n | % |
| Acknowledge this visit will be different than usual (communication strategy) | 4 | 40% | n/a | |
| Elicit patient concerns using open-ended questions (communication strategy) | 3 | 30% | 6 | 55% |
| Discuss alternative treatments (non-opioid pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic) | 8 | 80% | 9 | 82% |
| Discuss pain severity (intensity and impact on function) | 8 | 80% | 9 | 82% |
| Discuss identified treatment goals and assess progress | 7 | 70% | 1 | 9% |
| Assess benefit of current opioid pain treatment | 9 | 90% | 5 | 45% |
| Discuss adherence to prescribed opioid | 8 | 80% | 0 | 0% |
| Evaluate harms/risk factors for harm of prescribed opioid | 8 | 80% | 1 | 9% |
| Discuss opioid-related harms (opioid use disorder, overdose) | 6 | 60% | 0 | 0% |
| Discuss monitoring: PDMP and urine drug test | 8 | 80% | 2 | 18% |
| Assess morphine equivalency | 4 | 40% | 0 | 0% |
| Discuss opioid refill/increase/taper | 6 | 60% | 8 | 73% |
| Discuss risk mitigation: Naloxone & plan for using opioids safely | 5 | 50% | 1 | 9% |
| Schedule follow-up visit | 5 | 50% | 9 | 82% |