Table 3.

Association of the Dietary Guideline Index 2013 scores with overall cognitive function and the change of cognitive performance over 6 years in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (N 1037)

Cognition domains	Model 1			Model 2
	β	95 % CI	P value	β	95 % CI	P value
Attention
Overall cognitive performance	0⋅001	−0⋅008, 0⋅006	0⋅78	0⋅001	−0⋅006, 0⋅007	0⋅86
Cognitive change	0⋅001	−0⋅003, 0⋅004	0⋅74	0⋅001	−0⋅003, 0⋅004	0⋅75
Language
Overall cognitive performance	0⋅003	−0⋅011, 0⋅005	0⋅43	0⋅000	−0⋅007, 0⋅007	0⋅96
Cognitive change	0⋅003	−0⋅000, 0⋅007	0⋅09	0⋅003	−0⋅000, 0⋅007	0⋅09
Executive
Overall cognitive performance	−0⋅001	−0⋅008, 0⋅006	0⋅78	−0⋅000	−0⋅007, 0⋅007	0⋅96
Cognitive change	0⋅001	−0⋅003, 0⋅004	0⋅75	0⋅000	−0⋅003, 0⋅004	0⋅80
Visuospatial
Overall cognitive performance	0⋅002	−0⋅004, 0⋅007	0⋅52	0⋅002	−0⋅003, 0⋅008	0⋅40
Cognitive change	0⋅001	−0⋅004, 0⋅002	0⋅52	−0⋅001	−0⋅004, 0⋅002	0⋅51
Memory
Overall cognitive performance	0⋅002	−0⋅009, 0⋅004	0⋅46	−0⋅001	−0⋅015, 0⋅003	0⋅68
Cognitive change	0⋅002	−0⋅001, 0⋅005	0⋅24	0⋅002	−0⋅007, 0⋅005	0⋅24
Verbal
Overall cognitive performance	0⋅002	−0⋅008, 0⋅004	0⋅47	−0⋅001	−0⋅007, 0⋅005	0⋅67
Cognitive change	0⋅002	−0⋅001, 0⋅005	0⋅21	0⋅002	−0⋅001, 0⋅005	0⋅22
Global
Overall cognitive performance	0⋅003	−0⋅010, 0⋅005	0⋅48	0⋅000	−0⋅007, 0⋅007	0⋅95
Cognitive change	0⋅002	−0⋅002, 0⋅005	0⋅41	0⋅002	−0⋅002, 0⋅005	0⋅41

CI, confidence interval.

Values are β (95 % CI), n 1037. In overall cognitive performance, β coefficients show that a 1 score increase measured by the Dietary Guideline Index 2013 is associated with higher cognitive score (positive β) or lower cognitive score (negative β); in the slope of cognitive change over 6 years, β coefficients show that a 1 score increase measured by the Dietary Guideline Index 2013 is associated with faster cognitive decline (positive β) or slower cognitive decline (negative β). Results were adjusted for age, sex and education for model 1, and fully adjusted with age, sex and education, as well as non-English speaking background, physical activity, ethnicity, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, history of stroke/transient ischaemic attack, smoking, depression and apolipoprotein E ɛ4 genotype for model 2.

*P < 0⋅05 for global cognition or P < 0⋅01 for individual cognitive domains is significant.