Fig. 1.

Sketch-map of the mechanism of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Depiction of the typical symptoms and targets for CIPN toxicity in the peripheral nervous system depicted from the distal nerve terminals to axonal components (myelin, microtubules, mitochondria, ion channels, and vascular network), the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and the central nervous system (CNS). CIPN was initiated and progressed by chemotherapeutic-agents through intraepidermal nerve fibers impairment, abnormal spontaneous discharge, activation of ion channels, up-regulation of neuro-immune system, oxidative stress, and the abnormal kinase activation in DRG and CNS. Contents in the blue boxes refer to different chemotherapy agents. Solid dots refer to the target of relative chemotherapeutic agents. Contents in the pink boxes refer to the pathological progress in peripheral and central nerve systems underlying CIPN