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. 2021 Oct 21;21:521. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03539-x

Table 2.

Prevalence of NSSI by sample characteristics

Variables N(%) NSSI (%) Non-NSSI (%) χ2 φ/V
Regional areas 21.170** 0.038**
 YangJiang 3539(24.1) 1103(31.2) 2436(68.8)
 ShenYang 3162(21.5) 935(29.6) 2227(70.4)
 XinXiang 3968(27.0) 1060(26.7) 2908(73.3)
 ChongQing 4007(27.3) 1219(30.4) 2788(69.6)
Sex 35.341** −0.049**
 Male 7017(47.8) 2228(31.8) 4789(68.2)
 Female 7659(52.2) 2089(27.3) 5570(72.7)
Grade 22.538** −0.039**
 Junior middle school 7377(50.3) 2301(31.2) 5076(68.8)
 Senior middle school 7299(49.7) 2016(27.6) 5283(72.4)
Urban/rurality 0.001 0.000
 Rural 7493(51.1) 2205(29.4) 5288(70.6)
 Urban 7183(48.9) 2112(29.4) 5071(70.6)
Only child 6.727* −0.021*
 Yes 6608(45.0) 2015(30.5) 4593(69.5)
 No 8068(55.0) 2302(28.5) 5766(71.5)
Father’s education level 11.609* 0.028*
 Less than junior middle school 2158(14.7) 689(31.9) 1469(68.1)
 Junior middle school 6239(42.5) 1840(29.5) 4399(70.5)
 Senior middle school 4256(29.0) 1186(27.9) 3070(72.1)
 College or more 2023(13.8) 602(29.8) 1421(70.2)
Mother’s education level 15.825* 0.033*
 Less than junior middle school 2686(18.3) 867(32.3) 1819(67.7)
 Junior middle school 6331(43.1) 1854(29.3) 4477(70.7)
 Senior middle school 4027(27.4) 1119(27.8) 2908(72.2)
 College or more 1632(11.1) 477(29.2) 1155(70.8)
Family economic status 62.899** 0.065**
 Poor 2020(13.8) 741(36.7) 1279(63.3)
 General 10,860(74.0) 3036(28.0) 7824(72.0)
 Good 1796(12.2) 540(30.1) 1256(69.9)
Sleep quality 254.451** 0.132**
 Very Good 2416(16.5) 457(18.9) 1959(81.8)
 Good 6426(43.8) 1788(27.8) 4638(72.7)
 Poor 4500(30.7) 1544(34.3) 2956(65.6)
 Very poor 1334(9.1) 528(39.6) 806(60.6)
Psychological symptoms 906.125** 0.248**
 Yes 4027(27.4) 1926(47.8) 2101(52.2)
 No 10,649(72.6) 2391(22.5) 8258(77.5)
Weekday video time (h) 74.449** 0.071**
 0 6331(43.1) 1701(26.9) 4630(73.1)
  ≤ 0.5 3090(21.1) 874(28.3) 2216(71.7)
 0.5–1 2198(15.0) 696(31.7) 1502(68.3)
 1–2 1387(9.5) 438(31.6) 949(68.4)
 2–4 761(5.2) 258(33.9) 503(66.1)
 4–6 376(2.6) 139(37.0) 237(63.0)
 >6 533(3.6) 211(39.6) 322(60.4)
Weekend video time (h) 167.631** 0.107**
 0 1737(11.8) 362(20.8) 1375(79.2)
  ≤ 0.5 1818(12.4) 475(26.1) 1343(73.9)
 0.5–1 2276(15.5) 618(27.2) 1658(72.8)
 1–2 2601(17.7) 727(28.0) 1874(72.0)
 2–4 2484(16.9) 784(31.6) 1700(68.4)
 4–6 1692(11.5) 574(33.9) 1118(66.1)
 >6 2068(14.1) 777(37.6) 1291(62.4)
Weekday video game time (h) 32.089** 0.047**
 0 8334(56.8) 2347(28.2) 5987(71.8)
  ≤ 0.5 2770(18.9) 817(29.5) 1953(70.5)
 0.5–1 1486(10.1) 457(30.8) 1029(69.2)
 1–2 891(6.1) 274(30.8) 617(69.2)
 2–4 472(3.2) 160(33.9) 312(66.1)
 4–6 285(1.9) 93(32.6) 192(67.4)
 >6 438(3.0) 169(38.6) 269(61.4)
Weekend video game time (h) 123.035** 0.092**
 0 2790(19.0) 698(25.0) 2092(75.0)
  ≤ 0.5 2354(16.0) 635(27.0) 1719(73.0)
 0.5–1 2173(14.8) 560(25.8) 1613(74.2)
 1–2 2330(15.9) 671(28.8) 1659(71.2)
 2–4 1820(12.4) 613(33.7) 1207(66.3)
 4–6 1392(9.5) 475(34.1) 917(65.9)
 >6 1817(12.4) 665(36.6) 1152(63.4)
Daily sleep duration (h) 55.717** 0.062**
  < 6 712(4.9) 284(39.9) 428(60.1)
 6–7 3343(22.8) 1036(31.0) 2307(69.0)
 7–8 5771(39.3) 1688(29.2) 4083(70.8)
 8–9 3359(22.9) 911(27.1) 2448(72.9)
 9–10 1145(7.8) 309(27.0) 836(73.0)
  ≥ 10 346(2.4) 89(25.7) 257(74.3)
Weekday sleep duration (h) 43.605** 0.055**
  < 6 1125(7.7) 413(36.7) 712(63.3)
 6–7 4386(29.9) 1305(29.8) 3081(70.2)
 7–8 4546(31.0) 1354(29.8) 3192(70.2)
 8–9 3182(21.7) 854(26.8) 2328(73.2)
 9–10 1020(7.0) 284(27.8) 736(72.2)
  ≥ 10 417(2.8) 107(25.7) 310(74.3)
Weekend sleep duration (h) 49.429** 0.058**
  < 6 287(2.0) 130(45.3) 157(54.7)
 6–7 716(4.9) 244(34.1) 472(65.9)
 7–8 1376(9.4) 431(31.3) 945(68.7)
 8–9 3729(25.4) 1054(28.3) 2675(71.7)
 9–10 3020(20.6) 860(28.5) 2160(71.5)
  ≥ 10 5548(37.8) 1598(28.8) 3950(71.2)
Weekend catch-up sleep (h) 59.123** 0.063**
  <  0 966(6.6) 365(37.8) 601(62.2)
 0–1 1998(13.6) 529(26.5) 1469(73.5)
 1–2 3101(21.1) 825(26.6) 2276(73.4)
 2–3 4032(27.5) 1174(29.1) 2858(70.9)
  ≥ 3 4579(31.2) 1424(31.1) 3155(68.9)
 Total 14,676(100.0) 4317(29.4) 10,359(70.6)

* P <  0.05, ** P <  0.001; Statistical methods: Chi-square test, φ/V is effect sizes. NSSI is non-suicidal self-injury