Table 3.
Summary of EBV immune cell therapies.
| Platform | Disease, clinical trial/Animal model | Published year | Results | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Adoptive T-cell therapy | ||||
| Donor-derived EBV-specific T lymphocytes | PTLD | I | 1994 | Complete regression in 5/5 patients, but graft-versus-host disease developed (194). |
| EBV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) lines from donor | PTLD, HSCT | I | 1995 | Complete regression of immunoblastic lymphoma in 1/1 patients, EBV reactivation controlled in 3/3 patients without lymphoma (64). |
| Donor-derived polyclonal CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell lines | PTLD, HSCT | I | 1998 | Complete regression of immunoblastic lymphoma in 2/2 patients, EBV reactivation controlled in 6/6 patients without lymphoma (65). |
| Autologous EBV-specific CTL lines | PTLD, SOT | I | 1999 | Significant regression of the PTLD in 1/1 patient (195). |
| Autologous EBV-specific CD8 and CD4 lymphocytes | PTLD, SOT | I | 2006 | Complete regression of liver PTLD in 1/1 patient, prevention of PTLD in 12/12 patients (196). |
| Autologous EBV-specificcytotoxic T lymphocytes | SOT | I | 2002 | Decrease EBV load, prevention of PTLD in 7/7 patients (197). |
| Autologous EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes | NPC | I | 2005 | Complete response in 4/10 patients and partial response in 2/10 patients (198). |
| Autologous EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes | NPC | I/II | 2010 | Complete response in 7/15 patients and partial response in 3/15 patients (199). |
| Autologous EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes | NPC | II | 2014 | Complete response in 3/35 patients and partial response 22/35 patients (200). |
| Autologous EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes targeting LMP2 | Lymphoma | II | 2014 | Complete response in 11/21 patients and partial response 2/21 patients (201). |
| 2. EBV Specific T Cell Receptor (TCR) engineered T cell therapy | ||||
| Autologous CD8 and CD4 Lymphocytes expressing LMP2 specific TCR | NSG mouse | 2015 | Lysed LMP2+ NPC cells and inhibited tumor growth in a mouse model (202). | |
| NPC model | ||||
| Autologous CD8 and CD4 Lymphocytes expressing LMP1 specific TCR | NSG mouse tumor model | 2018 | Doubled the survival time of mice bearing tumor (203). | |
| 3. EBV Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy | ||||
| CD8 and CD4 Lymphocytes Expressing LMP1 specific CAR | NSG mouse | 2014 | Killed 70% of LMP1 overexpressing NPC cells in vitro, and significantly reduced the growth of NPC tumor overexpressing LMP1 (204, 205). | |
| tumor model | 2019 | |||