Skip to main content
. 2021 Oct 20;11(10):e046169. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046169

Table 5.

Characteristics of the joint-specific PROMs evaluated in validation studies

Instrument Year developed Original language Target population Intended construct/domains No of questions Best/worst score
Symptoms and functional status
 KOOS21 1998 English and Swedish Younger and more active subjects at risk of knee osteoarthritis following knee injury Pain
Symptoms
Activities of daily life function
Sports and recreation function
Knee-related quality of life
42 questions 100/0
 WOMAC19 1982 English Patients with OA of the hip or knee Pain
Stiffness
Function and daily activities
24 questions 0/96
Activity level
 LEAS29 2005 English Patients awaiting or had undergone primary or revision lower limb joint replacement Physical activity 1 question 18/1

KOOS, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; LEAS, Lower Extremity Activity Scale; PROM, patient-reported outcome measure; SF-36, Short Form 36; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index.