Table 2.

Representatives of the genus Amycolatopsis and the antibiotics they produce.

Species, Strains	Antibiotics	Properties	References
Amycolatopsis sp. 17128	Mutactimycin A, D, E	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA 1)	[31]
Amycolatopsis sp. Cra33g	Amycolactam	Significant cytotoxicity	[32]
Amycolatopsis sp. Hca4	Rifamorpholines A–E	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA)	[13]
Amycolatopsis sp. IRD-009	Pradimicin-IRD	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; Cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines	[33]
Amycolatopsis sp. К16-0194	Dipyrimicins A and B	Dipyrimicin A exhibits strong antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities; Dipyrimicin B exhibits antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli	[34]
Amycolatopsis sp. LZ149	Siderochelins A, D, E, and F	Siderochelin A exhibits antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Escherichia coli; Siderochelins A, D and E exhibit antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis	[35,36]
Amycolatopsis sp. M39	Macrotermycins A–D	Macrotermycins A and C had antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (particularly staphylococcal infections); Selective antifungal activity (against a fungal parasite of the termite fungal garden)	[14]
Amycolatopsis sp. MI481-42F4	Аmythiamicins A, B, C and D	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MDR 2 strains)	[37,38]
Amycolatopsis sp. MJM2582	Ristocetin (Ristomycin)	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive pathogenic infections (particularly staphylococcal infections); Applied to the in vitro diagnosis of conditions such as von Willebrand disease and Bernard–Soulier syndrome	[39,40,41]
Amycolatopsis sp. ML1-hF4	Рargamicins A	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains (including MRSA) and Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium strains (including VRE 3)	[42]
	Valgamicins A, C, T and V	Weak activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; Valgamicins A, C and T exhibit moderate cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines	[43]
Amycolatopsis sp. YIM 130642	Amycophthalazinone A	Weak antimicrobial and antifungal activities	[44]
Amycolatopsis sp. YIM 130687	2-carbamoyl-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone	Strong antimicrobial (including MRSA) and antifungal activities	[45]
Amycolatopsis sp. AA4	Amycomicin	Strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus	[46]
A. alba	1(10-aminodecyl) pyridinium	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; Cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines	[47]
	Kigamicins A-E	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA); Kigamicin D is an anticancer agent	[48,49]
	Maytansinoids 1–14	Maytansinoids 7 and 13 showed antitumor activities against four human cancer cell lines	[50]
A. australiensis	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. azurea	Azureomycins A and B	Strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria	[51,52]
	Оctacosamicins A and B	Very weak or no activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; Moderate activity against fungi and yeast	[53,54]
A. balhimycina	Balhimycin	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA)	[55]
A. coloradensis	Avoparcin (avotan)	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria; Animal growth promoter	[56,57,58]
A. decaplanina	Decaplanin	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including antibiotic-resistant enterococci and clinical isolates)	[59,60]
A. hippodromi	Amycolasporins A−C	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	[61]
A. japonica	Ristocetin (Ristomycin)	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, (particularly staphylococcal infections); Applied to the in vitro diagnosis of conditions such as von Willebrand disease and Bernard–Soulier syndrome	[62]
A. jejuensis	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[63]
A. keratiniphila	Keratinimicins A–D; Keratinicyclin A–C	Keratinimicins A and C exibit strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (particularly staphylococcal infections); keratinicyclin В exibit moderate antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus spp. and Clostridium difficile	[29]
A. keratiniphila subsp. keratiniphila	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. keratiniphila subsp. nogabecina	Nogabecin (Actinoidin B)	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria	[64,65]
A. lactamdurans *	Cephamycin C	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (including resistant strains); very efficient antibiotic against anaerobic microbes	[66,67,68,69]
	Efrotomycin	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria	[68,70]
A. lurida	Benzanthrins A and B	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria; Inhibit the growth tumor cells in tissue culture	[71,72]
A. lurida	Ristocetin (Ristomycin)	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, (particularly staphylococcal infections); Applied to the in vitro diagnosis of conditions, such as von Willebrand disease and Bernard–Soulier syndrome	[41,73,74]
A. mediterranei	Amexanthomycins A–J	Inhibitory activity against human DNA topoisomerases	[75]
	Dethymicin	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA); Immunosuppressant	[76]
	Kanglemycin A	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including rifampicin-resistant ones and M. tuberculosis with MDR)	[77,78]
	Rifamycines	Strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (particularly mycobacteria)	[79,80,81,82,83]
	Tetracenomycin Х	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria; Showed antitumour activity in vivo	[84,85]
A. minnesotensis	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. nigrescens	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. niigatensis	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. orientalis	Vancomycin	A last-line drug for the treatment of infections caused by almost all clinically significant Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA)	[3,86]
	N–Demethylvancomycin	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA)	[87,88,89,90]
	N,N–Demethylvancomycin	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria	[91]
	Norvancomycin	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (particularly MRSA and MRSE 4)	[92,93]
	Quartromicin (the complex of at least six antibiotics components A1, A2, A3, D1, D2, and D3)	Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1, influenza virus type A and human immunodeficiency virus	[94]
	UK-69753	Strong antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo against the swine Gram-negative anaerobic pathogen Treponema hyodysenteriae	[95,96]
	MM 47761 and MM 4972; MM 55266, and MM 55268	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria	[97,98]
	Eremomycin В	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria	[99,100,101]
	Orienticins A-D	Antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (including MRSA)	[102]
	Сhloroorienticins A-E	Antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (including MRSA)	[103]
	LY264826	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA)	[104]
	ECO-0501	Strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA and VRE)	[28]
A. palatopharyngis	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. regifaucium	Kigamicins A-E	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA); Kigamicin D is an anticancer agent	[48,105,106,107]
A. rifamycinica	Tetracenomycin Х	Moderate antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive organisms (including resistant strains); Activity against certain tumor cell lines	[108,109]
A. roodepoortensis	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified; Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (particularly mycobacteria) and Gram-negative bacteria		[24]
A. rubida	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. saalfeldensis	Saalfelduracin	Strong antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria	[110]
A. speibonae	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified; Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (particularly mycobacteria)		[24]
A. speibonae	Echinosporin 7-deoxyechinosporin	Antifungal activity against root-rot pathogens of the Panax notoginseng	[111]
A. sulphurea	Epoxyquinomicins A-D	Epoxyquinomicins A and B exhibit antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria; Epoxyquinomicins C and D exhibit almost no antimicrobial activity and no cytotoxicity; All these antibiotics showed improvement of collagen induced arthritis in vivo	[112,113]
	Azicemicins A and B	Moderate antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (particularly mycobacteria)	[114,115]
	Chelocardin (Cetocycline)	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative (including tetracycline-resistant pathogens and MDR pathogens)	[116,117,118]
A. taiwanensis	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. thermoflava	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
	1-methoxy-3-methyl-8-hydroxy-anthraquinone	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified Anticancer activity against lung cancer and lymphoblastic leukemia cells	[119]
A. tolypomycina	Tolypomycin	Strong antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria	[65,120]
A. tucumanensis	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]
A. umgeniensis	Eremomycin В	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria	[121]
A. vancoresmycina	Vancoresmycin	Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including resistant strains)	[122,123]
А. xylanica	Antibiotic biosynthetic genes were identified		[27]

Strong antimicrobial activity—MIC ≤ 1 µg/mL, moderate—MIC 1–16 µg/mL, weak—MIC ≥ 16 µg/mL. ¹ MRSA—methicillin-resistant S. aureus; ² MDR—multiple drug resistance; ³ VRE—vancomycin-resistant enterococci; ⁴ MRSE—methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis; * Nomenclatural status: not validly published.