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. 2021 Oct 7;11(10):2903. doi: 10.3390/ani11102903

Table 1.

Daily behavioural patterns (mean, SD and range (minimum and maximum)) for each of the three groups (29 cows each) managed on a single farm over the experimental period of 13 d. Grazing, ruminating and lying times were measured using accelerometers attached to each cow (data from 29 cows/group). There were no differences in the duration (p > 0.1) between the groups for any of the behaviours.

Variable Mean SD Range
Grazing time (h/d)
Group 1 7.5 1.4 4.1–10.0
Group 2 7.7 1.3 3.8–9.6
Group 3 7.6 1.8 3.8–10.1
Ruminating time (h/d)
Group 1 8.2 0.8 6.7–9.4
Group 2 8.4 0.7 7.1–9.8
Group 3 8.1 0.7 7.0–9.3
Lying time (h/d)
Group 1 9.0 0.8 7.2–10.1
Group 2 8.8 0.9 6.9–11.8
Group 3 8.9 1.0 7.4–11.5