RA reduces plasma lipid and hepatic lipid accumulation and cellular injury in HFD-fed mice. Plasma total cholesterol (A) and triglyceride (B) levels were quantified in blood samples collected by heart puncture at sacrifice (n = 9–10). (C) Hepatic total cholesterol (n = 7) and (D) triglyceride levels were determined in liver tissue (n = 9–10) as described in the Methods section. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *** p < 0.001 vs. ND control mice; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 vs. HFD mice; $ p < 0.05 vs. RA 50. (E,F) H&E staining was performed to assess lipid accumulation in liver tissues (n = 10) (E), and histological scores for steatosis ranged from 0 to 3 in whole-value increments, where 0 = 0–5%, 1 = 6–33%, 2 = 34–66%, and 3 = 67–100% of hepatocytes positive for steatosis (F). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001 vs. ND control mice; ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 vs. HFD mice; $ p < 0.05 vs. RA 50. Scale bar, 100 µm.