Table 3.

Summary of metabolomics in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Disease	Samples	Metabolic Biomarkers/Pathway	Analytical Platform	Untargeted/Targeted	Study Design	References
ROP	plasma (−)	N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide, biliverdin, linoleic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, adenosine, thioetheramide-PC, citrulline, GCDC, cis-9-palmitoleic acid, sunitinib, vanillin, trehalose, 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid	LC-MS	Untargeted	−	[108]
ROP	Blood (−)	Gly, Glu, Leu, Ser, Val, Trp, piperidine, citrulline, malonyl carnitine, homocysteine	LC-MS	Targeted	−	[109]

GCDC: glycochenodeoxycholate; PC: phosphatidylcholine; Glu: glutamic acid; Gly: glycine; Leu: leucine; Ser: serine; Trp: tryptophan; Val: valine; − not stated in the article.