Table 2.
Levels of inflammatory cytokines in culture supernatant of ARPE-19 cells incubated with anti-VEGF antibody in the dark.
| Category | Dark | p Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-VEGF Antibody | None | Aflibercept | Ranibizumab | None | Aflibercept | |
| Level | Level | Level | vs. | vs. | ||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Aflibercept | Ranibizumab | Ranibizumab | |
| PDGF-BB | 1.90 ± 0.54 | 1.51 ± 0 | 2.64 ± 2.31 | 0.211 | 0.351 | 0.281 |
| IL-1β | 0 | 0.66 ± 0.11 | 0.70 ± 0.06 | 0.007 | 0.002 | 0.349 |
| IL-1ra | 10.5 ± 0.62 | 12.2 ± 0.60 | 11.7 ± 0 | 0.053 | 0.049 | 0.211 |
| IL-2 | 0.51 ± 0.72 | 0.39 ± 0.55 | 0 | 0.434 | 0.211 | 0.211 |
| IL-4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| IL-5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| IL-6 | 4.08 ± 0.59 | 17.9 ± 1.20 | 17.0 ± 1.31 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.263 |
| IL-7 | 2.91 ± 0.56 | 2.20 ± 0.15 | 3.50 ± 0.28 | 0.112 | 0.156 | 0.014 |
| IL-8 | 28.7 ± 5.37 | 47.4 ± 6.80 | 52.8 ± 1.99 | 0.046 | 0.014 | 0.200 |
| IL-9 | 2.29 ± 0.09 | 3.25 ± 0 | 3.88 ± 0.70 | 0.002 | 0.043 | 0.167 |
| IL-10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| IL-12 | 11.9 ± 1.32 | 0 | 3.68 ± 0.30 | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| IL-13 | 0.94 ± 0.03 | 0.41 ± 0 | 0.54 ± 0.06 | 0.001 | 0.008 | 0.054 |
| IL-15 | 2.53 ± 0.02 | 5.51 ± 0.46 | 5.22 ± 0.06 | 0.006 | 1.26 × 10−4 | 0.238 |
| IL-17A | 7.46 ± 0.62 | 10.3 ± 1.83 | 10.9 ± 1.22 | 0.088 | 0.035 | 0.359 |
| Eotaxin | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| bFGF | 139.0 ± 2.69 | 301.3 ± 29.8 | 319.3 ± 8.35 | 0.008 | 0.001 | 0.249 |
| G-CSF | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| GM-CSF | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| IFN-γ | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| IP-10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| MCP-1 | 97.7 ± 1.00 | 231.1 ± 11.8 | 211.7 ± 11.0 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.116 |
| MIP-1α | 0 | 0.13 ± 0.18 | 0 | 0.211 | — | 0.211 |
| MIP-1β | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| RANTES | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| TNFα | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
| VEGF-A | 243.0 ± 2.51 | 3.24 ± 0.28 | 115.2 ± 3.04 | 2.77 × 10−55 | 2.38 × 10−4 | 1.86 × 10−4 |
ARPE-19 cells were cultured with 0.50 mg/mL aflibercept, 0.125 mg/mL ranibizumab or neither (no reagent) as control in the dark for 24 h. Levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, L-17A, bFGF, MCP-1 and VEGF-A were higher than 10 pg/mL in at least one of the three cultures. n = 4 in each group.