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. 2021 Oct 9;9(10):1424. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9101424

Table 3.

Ocular surface semiology. Intergroup comparisons were made with Mann–Whitney U test (Oxford score, BUT, NIKBUT (first), Schirmer, tear meniscus, osmolarity) and t-test (NIKBUT (average)).

Autoimmune Dry Eye (AIDE) Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD)
All Patients in the Study Painless Painful Painless Painful
Oxford score
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BUT (s, mean ± SD) 4.94 ± 0.18 4.82 ± 0.35 4.19 ± 0.31 5.70 ± 0.36 5.00 ± 0.39 ‡
NIKBUT (first, mean ± SD) 5.06 ± 5.35 4.08 ± 4.77 3.55 ± 3.65 5.83 ± 5.14 6.66 ± 7.45
NIKBUT (average, mean ± SD) 7.78 ± 6.90 6.8 ± 6.52 5.10 ± 5.41 9.24 ± 6.87 9.27 ± 8.18 ‡
Schirmer (mm/5 min, mean ± SD) 10.9 ± 10.0 10.1 ± 10.1 8.8 ± 9.1 12.8 ± 10.6 12.0 ± 9.8
Tear meniscus (mm, mean ± SD) 0.209 ± 0.188 0.172 ± 0.198 0.224 ± 0.193 0.235 ± 0.200 0.196 ± 0.141
Osmolarity (mOsmol/L, mean ± SD) 309 ± 17 307 ± 15 311 ± 19 306 ± 16 310 ± 19

● significant difference between painless MGD vs. painful MGD; † significant difference between painless AIDE vs. painless MGD; ‡ significant difference between painful AIDE vs. painful MGD. Statistical significance is illustrated based on number of signs as follows: one sign = p < 0.05, two signs = p < 0.01, four signs = p < 0.0001.