Table 2.
New chemical classes of NO donors.
| No Donor | Class | Effect | Species | Tolerance | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Z)-ethyl 12-nitrooxy-octadec-9-enoate (NCOE) | Organic nitrate | -Short-lasting hypotension and bradycardia -Vasorelaxation |
Rat | Does not cause in vitro tolerance | [126] |
| 2-nitrate-1,3-dibuthoxypropan (NDBP) | Organic nitrate | -Hypotension, bradycardia, and bradypnea -Prevention of the progression of angiotensin II-mediated hypertension |
Rat | Does not cause in vitro tolerance | [228,229,231] |
| Cyclohexane Nitrate (HEX) | Organic nitrate | -Reduction in blood pressure and heart rate -Antihypertensive effect in renovascular hypertension -Vasorelaxation in cranial artery |
Rat | - | [235] |
| 1,3-bis (hexyloxy) propan-2-yl nitrate (NDHP) | Organic nitrate | - Reduction in blood pressure in hypertensive animals -Vasorelaxation -Prevention of the progression of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction |
Rat | Does not cause in vitro tolerance | [236] |
| [Ru(terpy)(bdq)NO+]3+ (TERPY) | Metal-based drugs | -Vasorelaxation in aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries from Sham and two-kidney-one-clip hypertensive (2K1C) -Long-lasting hypotensive effect in 2K-1C, but not in normotensive -Similar vasorelaxation and released NO in aortas from Wistar and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) - Does not induce vasorelaxation in basilar arteries -Hypotensive effect in SHR |
Rat | - | [231,232,233,234,245,251,252,254] |
| [Ru(bpy)2(py)(NO2)](PF6) (RuBPY) | Metal-based drugs | -Induced relaxation in aorta, mesenteric resistance arteries; coronary arteries between normotensive and 2K1C rats -Did not induce hypotensive effect in normotensive rats -Induced coronary artery relaxation (which may be useful for angina) and a minor effect in basilar artery (which may indicate that it does not induce headache). -NO· release that activates K+ channels in cultured VCMC aorta |
Rat | Does not cause in vitro tolerance (self- or cross-tolerance) | [42,125,255,256,257] |
| trans-[Ru(Cl)NO(cyclam)2+ | Metal-based drugs | -Long-lasting hypotensive effect (20 times greater than SNP) in normotensive and hypertensive animals | Mouse | - | [249] |
| trans-[RuCl([15]aneN4)NO]2+ | Metal-based drugs | -Vasorelaxation in aorta (due to the release of NO· and NO-species) | Rat | - | [243,244] |
| Ru(NO)(salenCO2H)Cl | Metal-based drugs | -Vasorelaxation in aorta | Rat | - | [258] |
| Rut-bpy (Cis-[Ru(bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]PF6 | Metal-based drugs | -Stabilization of BP in anesthetized hypotensive animals | Rat | - | [260] |
| cis-[Ru(bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]PF-6-9 (FONO1) | Metal-based drugs | -Vasodilation in corpus cavernosum | Rabbit | - | [261] |
| trans-[Ru(NH3)4(caffeine)(NO)]C13 (LLNO1) | Metal-based drugs | -Vasodilation in corpus cavernosum | Rabbit | - | [261] |
| cis-[Ru(bpy)2(2-MIM)(NO)](PF6)3 (FOR811A) | Metal-based drugs | -Decrease in alveolar collapse and prevention of bronchoconstriction during asthma | Mouse | - | [262] |
| cis-[Ru(bpy)2(ImN)(NO)]3+ (FOR0811) | Metal-based drugs | -Decrease in BP (long-lasting) with no reflex tachycardia in L-NG-Nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats -Reduction in the low (LF) and very low (VLF) frequency bands in rats -Vasorelaxation in rat aorta -Vasorelaxation of human corpus cavernosum |
Rat and human | - | [248] |