Table 2.

Various techniques of seminal OS measurement. ROS: reactive oxygen species.

Direct and Indirect Techniques to Measure OS in the Seminal Plasma
Direct	Indirect
Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)	Total antioxidant capacity (TAC)
ROS by chemiluminescence	ROS-TAC
Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT)	Malondialdehyde (MDA)
Cytochrome C reduction test	Myeloperoxidase or Endtz test
Fluorescein probe	Lipid peroxidation levels
Oxidation-induced fluorochrome probe	Chemokines
Electron spin resonance	Ascorbate
	DNA fragmentation