Figure 8.

Inhibitory effect of TMF on ROS generation caused by TNF-α in NHDFs. (A) Briefly, 1 × 10⁴ cells were seeded in 96-well plates and incubated for 24 h. The cells were continuously starved in serum-free DMEM for 24 h. After that, the cells were exposed to 6.25 and 12.5 µM TMF for 1 h and subsequently with 20 ng/mL TNF-α and 10 µM DCFDA for 15 min. The DCFDA intensity was measured using a fluorescence microplate reader. (B) The fluorescent images of DCFDA-positive cells were captured by a fluorescence microscope (20× magnification, 100 µm scale bar). The data are depicted as mean ± SEM (n = 3). # p < 0.05 compared to non–treated group and * p < 0.05 compared to TNF-α-treated group. Abbreviations: TMF, 5,7,4′-trimethoxyflavone, and TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha.