Table 2.

Definitions and criteria for metabolic syndromes according to World Health Organization (WHO), European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI). According to IDF, 25% of the total adult population of the world succumbs from metabolic syndrome. According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is found to be 60% in obese individuals, 22% in overweight and 5% among normal weight individuals. * According to Alberti et al. (2009) [54], it is recommended that the IDF cut-off points be used for non-Europeans and either the IDF or AHA/NHLBI cut-off points be used for people of European origin until more data are available. HDL: high density lipoprotein, Rx: pharmacologic treatment, TG: triglycerides, BMI: body mass index; waist circumference in EGIR is for European men and women.

Criteria	WHO (1998)	IDF (2005)	EGIR (1999)	AHA/NHLBI (2009)
	Diabetes or Insulin Resistance + Two of the Four Criteria Below	Obesity + Two of the Four Criteria Below	Hyperinsulinemia + Two of the Four Criteria Below	3 of the Following 5 Risk Factors
Hyperglycaemia	Insulin resistance already required	Fasting glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL	Insulin resistance already required	Fasting glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL
Hypertension	≥140/90 mmHg	>130 mmHg systolic or >85 mmHg diastolic	≥140/90 mmHg	≥130 mmHg systolic or ≥85 mmHg diastolic
Obesity	Waist/hip ratio: >0.90 (M) > 0.85 (F) or BMI > 30 kg/m2	Central obesity already required	Waist circumference: ≥94 cm (M) ≥80 cm (F)	* Waist circumference: ≥102 cm (M) ≥88 cm (F) TG ≥ 150 mg/dL
Dyslipidaemia	TG ≥ 150 mg/dL or HDL-C < 35 mg/dL (M) and <39 mg/dL (F)	TG ≥ 150 mg/dL or Rx	TG ≥ 177 mg/dL or HDL-C < 39 mg/dL	HDL-C < 40 mg/dL (M) and <50 mg/dL (F)