Skip to main content
. 2021 Sep 30;10(10):2604. doi: 10.3390/cells10102604

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) ligands and receptors. Different BMP ligands bind to different type I and II BMP receptors to activate the canonical Smad-signaling pathway involving the receptor regulated-Smads (R-Smads) and the common Smad (Co-Smad). GDF (growth differentiation factor); ALK (activin-like kinase); ActR (activin receptor).