Table 2.
Clinical studies showing an association between lymphatic invasion and poor outcome (LN metastasis, cancer recurrence, survival).
| Cancer Type | LN Metastasis | Recurrence | Survival |
|---|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer | Schoppmann et al. [108] Mohammed et al. [109] El Gohary et al. [110] Zhao et al. [111] |
Schoppmann et al. [108] Mohammed et al. [109] El Gohary et al. [110] Van der Schaft et al. [112] 1 |
Schoppmann et al. [108] Mohammed et al. [109] El Gohary et al. [110] Mohammed et al. [113] |
| Colorectal cancer | Tateishi et al. [114] Akagi et al. [115] Nishida et al. [116] Lee et al. [117] |
Betge et al. [118] Iida et al. [119] Tokodai et al. [120] Leijssen et al. [121] |
De Leon et al. [122] Guerra et al. [123] Akagi et al. [115] Betge et al. [118] |
| Lung cancer | Takanami, [124] Adachi et al. [125] |
Kwiatkowski et al. [126] Kato et al. [127] Al-Alao et al. [128] Matsuura et al. [129] |
Hanagiri et al. [130] Nentwich et al. [131] Masuda et al. [132] |
| SCC 2 of head and neck | Zhao et al. [133] Chung et al. [134] Adel et al. [135] |
Hori et al. [136] | Myers et al. [137] 3 Mochiki et al. [138] Adel et al. [135] Casai et al. [139] |
| Melanoma | Bertolli et al. [140] Donizy et al. [141] Moy et al. [142] Jung et al. [143] |
Donizy et al. [141] Moy et al. [142] Xu et al. [144] Statius Muller et al. [145] |
Donizy et al. [141] Xu et al. [144] Vuylsteke et al. [146] |
1 In patients < 63 years. 2 SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma. 3 In young adults.