Figure 4.

Regulation of DCs by .NO. Dendritic cells (DCs) act as antigen presenting cells to activate T helper cells to induce an immune response. Wild type chloroquine DCs (CQ-DCs) with iNOS +/+ promotes the activation of Tregs, which leads to CD8 T cell immunosuppression. Additionally, CQ-DCs simultaneously inhibit the differentiation of Th1/Th17 cells leading to immunosuppression. CQ-DCs with knockout iNOS promotes the differentiation of Treg, Th1 and Th17 cells leading to immunosuppression. They also result in the induction of inflammatory modulators to promote inflammatory tumor progression.