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. 2021 Oct 1;10(10):2618. doi: 10.3390/cells10102618

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Stimulation of HSC from Nlrp3^−/− mice with DCA led to no fibrotic phenotype. HSC from Nlrp3^−/− mice showed no NLRP3 inflammasome activation after stimulation with DCA (+ ATP) as shown by stable mRNA levels of Il-1b (B), equal concentrations of IL-1β in the supernatant (C), omitted formation of IL-1β vesicles (A) and equivalent activity of Caspase-1 in flow cytometry analysis (D) when compared to basal levels. As a result, HSC were not activated to a fibrotic phenotype, as they failed to change their shape and deposit Collagen I (E) after DCA (+ ATP) stimulation. Early fibrotic markers such as Vimentin (G) and mRNA levels of Ctgf and Tgfb (F) remained the same. n.d.: not detected; ns: not significant.