Table 2.
Cases in the literature.
| Title | Author, Year | Age | Time to Rupture (Days) | Baby Weight (g) | Parity (Postpartum) | Type of Delivery | Previous Surgery | Catheterization | Catheterization during Labor | Symptoms | Diagnosis | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spontaneous bladder rupture after normal vaginal delivery: a postpartum emergency [8] | Roberts C et al., 1996 | 29 | 3 | 3400 | 2 | VD | No | Yes | NA | Increasing abdominal pain | XR + catheterization + LPT | LPT |
| Spontaneous rupture of bladder in puerperium [3] | Wandabwa J et al., 2004 | 20 | 9 | 2800 | 1 | VD | NA | Yes | NA | Severe lower abdominal pain, abdominal distension, fever, difficulty in breathing | US + LPT | LPT |
| Asymptomatic bladder rupture in a primigravida: late manifestation and delayed diagnosis [9] | Puri M et al., 2005 | NA | 4 | NA | NA | VD | NA | NA | NA | Urinary Retention, abdominal distension | XR + cystogram + LPT | LPT |
| Spontaneous rupture of urinary bladder in puerperium [10] | Pal DK et al., 2005 | 23 | 1 | NA | 1 | VD | None | Yes | NA | Distended abdomen, vomiting and ol- iguria | CT + cystography + LPT | LPT |
| Bladder rupture caused by postpartum urinary retention [11] | Dueñas-García OF et al., 2008 | NA | 3 | NA | 1 | VD | NA | Yes | NA | Abdominal pain, oliguria, hematuria | XR + US + LPT | LPT |
| Two cases of intraperitoneal bladder rupture following vaginal delivery [12] | Png KS et al., 2008 | 34 | 2 | 2685 | 1 | VD | NA | Yes | NA | Abdominal distension, acute renal failure | XR + CT + LPT | LPT |
| Spontaneous puerperal extraperitoneal bladder wall rupture in young woman with diagnostic dilemma [13] | Sabat D et al., 2015 | 20 | 6 | 2830 | NA | VD | NA | Yes | Yes | Abdominal pain and distension, oliguria | Paracentesis, US, CT, LPT | LPT |
| A late presentation of spontaneous bladder rupture during labor [1] | Farahzadi A et al., 2016 | 25 | 20 | NA | 1 | VD | NA | Yes | Yes | Abdominal pain and distension | US + LPT | LPT |
| Acute abdomen syndrome due to spontaneous intraperitoneal bladder rupture following vaginal delivery [14] | Habek D et al., 2017 | 28 | 4 | 3350 | 1 | VD | NA | Yes | Yes | Acute abdomen syndrome, diarrhea and oedema | US + CT + LPT | LPT |
| Delayed diagnosis of spontaneous bladder rupture: a rare case report [15] | Qiao D et al., 2018 | 23 | 5 | 3600 | 2 | VD | NA | Yes | NA | Fever, oliguria, massive ascites | US, MRI, CT, cystoradiography and cystoscopy, LPT | LPT |
| Spontaneous rupture of bladder in a primipara [16] | Ekuma-Nkama EN et al., 2019 | 30 | 3 | 3254 | 1 | VD | NA | Yes | Yes | Severe abdominal pain, oliguria and hematuria | XR + US + LPT | LPT |
| Surgical management of spontaneous post-partum bladder rupture in an Amazonian emergency hospital [17] | Marcos da Silva Barroso F et al., 2020 | 30 | 3 | 3200 | 2 | VD | No | NA | NA | Sudden abdominal pain, vomiting | US + CT + LPT | LPT |
| Missed bladder rupture following vaginal delivery: Possible role of assessing ascitic fluid creatinine levels? [2] | Hadian B et al., 2020 | 27 | 3 | NA | 1 | VD | No | NA | NA | Drowsiness and abdominal distention | CT + LPT | LPT |