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. 2021 Oct 13;8(10):910. doi: 10.3390/children8100910

Table 1.

Participant characteristics.

Total Male Female p Value
(Mann–Whitney
U Test)
Number of subjects 1017 403 614
Chronological age (year) 11.9 ± 2.5 a
(range, 4.9–18.8;
95% CI (11.7–12.0);
median, 12.1)		 11.7 ± 2.6 a
(range, 6.6–18.6;
95% CI (11.5–12.0);
median, 11.8)		 12.0 ± 2.4 a
(range, 4.9–18.8;
95% CI (11.8–12.2);
median, 12.3)		 0.053
SMI 6.0 ± 3.9 a
(range, 1.0–11.0;
95% CI (5.7–6.2);
median, 6.0)		 4.6 ± 3.5 a
(range, 1.0–11.0;
95% CI (4.3–4.9);
median, 3.0)		 6.9 ± 3.8 a
(range, 1.0–11.0;
95% CI (6.6–7.2);
median, 7.0)		 <0.001 ***
CVMI 3.4 ± 2.0 a
(range, 1.0–6.0;
95% CI (3.3–3.5);
median, 3.0)		 2.7 ± 1.8 a
(range, 1.0–6.0;
95% CI (2.5–2.9);
median, 2.0)		 3.8 ± 2.0 a
(range, 1.0–6.0;
95% CI (3.7–4.0);
median, 4.0)		 <0.001 ***
RUS skeletal maturity score 613.8 ± 272.0 a
(range, 167–1000;
95% CI (597.1–630.5);
median, 592.0)		 480.1 ± 256.6 a
(range, 167–1000;
95% CI (455.0–505.3);
median, 367.0)		 701.6 ± 244.9 a
(range, 209–1000;
95% CI (682.2–721.0);
median, 726.5)		 <0.001 ***

CI, Confidence Interval. a Values are expressed as means ± standard deviations. Bold values indicate the results that are statistically significant (*** p < 0.001).