| ALI | Acute lung injury |
| ApoBDs | Apoptotic bodies |
| ApoEVs | Apoptotic EVs |
| ApoExos | Apoptotic exosomes |
| ApoMVs | Apoptotic microvesicles |
| ARDS | Acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| BALF | Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid |
| CD | Cluster of differentiation |
| CLP | Cecal ligation and puncture |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder |
| EVs | Extracellular vesicles |
| HSP HIV |
Heat shock protein Human immunodeficiency virus |
| IECs | Intestinal epithelial cells |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| MEVs | Milk-derived EVs |
| MHC | Major histocompatibility complex |
| miR | micro-RNA |
| MSCs | Mesenchymal stem cells |
| MVB | Multivesicular bodies |
| MVs | Microvesicles |
| PAMPs | Pathogen associated molecular patters |
| TNF | Tumor necrosis factor |