Table 1.

Role of cytokines in myogenesis.

S. No.	Cytokines	Role in Myogenesis	References
1.	IL-6	Promotes MSC proliferation.	[33]
		Induces myogenic differentiation.	[34,36]
		Contribute to muscle regeneration.	[35]
2.	LIF	Stimulate myogenic differentiation.	[43]
		Control the proliferation of MSC.	[42]
		Contribute to muscle regeneration.	[37,38]
3.	IL-4	Act as a myoblast recruitment factor during muscle growth and control myoblast fusion with myotubes.	[45]
		Stimulate myogenic differentiation.	[47]
4.	IL-15	Expressed more in differentiated myotubes than undifferentiated myoblasts.	[55]
		Act as anabolic factor capable to increase MyHC in differentiating MSCs.	[54]
		Stimulate myogenic differentiation.	[56]
5.	IL-1β	Increase MSC proliferation.	[58]
6.	IL-1α	Combination of four cytokines (IL-1α, IL-13, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) allowed in vitro maintenance of MSC in an undifferentiated state over 20 passages.	[59]
	IL-13
	TNF-α
	IFN-γ