Table 3. Bivariate logistic regression analysis of first-line antiretroviral treatment failure of HIV patients on ART at Mettu Karl Specialized Hospital, South West Ethiopia, 2020.
| Variable | Category | Case (N = 113) | Control (N = 339) | COR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking status | Yes | 28 (24.8%) | 57 (16.8%) | 1.630 (0.975, 2.723) | .062 |
| No | 85 (75.2%) | 282 (83.2%) | 1 | ||
| Khat chewing | Yes | 30 (26.5%) | 67 (19.8%) | 1.462 (0.890, 2.400) | .133 |
| No | 83 (73.5%) | 271 (80.2%) | 1 | ||
| Baseline WHO stage | Stage I and II | 53 (46.9%) | 234 (69.0%) | 1 | |
| Stage III and IV | 60 (53.1%) | 105 (31.0%) | 2.523 (1.632, 3.899) | < .01 | |
| Baseline BMI | <18.5kg/m2 | 63 (55.8%) | 89 (26.3%) | 3.539 (2.272, 5.513) | < .01 |
| > = 18.5kg/m2 | 250 (73.7%) | 50 (44.2%) | 1 | ||
| Baseline CD4 cell count | <100cells/mm3 | 59(52.2%) | 69 (20.4%) | 4.275 (2.715, 6.732) | < .01 |
| > = 100cells/mm3 | 54 (47.8%) | 270 (79.6%) | 1 | ||
| TB co-infection | Yes | 46 (40.7%) | 65 (19.2%) | 2.894 (1.822, 4.596) | < .01 |
| No | 67 (59.3%) | 274 (80.8%) | 1 | ||
| History of lost to follow up | Yes | 15 (13.3%) | 8 (2.4%) | 6.333 (2.608, 15.378) | < .01 |
| No | 98 (86.7%) | 331 (97.6%) | 1 | ||
| Adherence status | Good | 37 (32.7%) | 240 (70.8%) | 1 | |
| Fair | 18 (15.9%) | 65 (19.2%) | 1.796 (0.960, 3.360) | .067 | |
| Poor | 58 (51.3%) | 34 (10.0%) | 11.065 (6.404, 19.118) | < .01 | |
| Disclosure status | Yes | 105(92.9%) | 334 (98.5%) | 1 | |
| No | 8 (7.1%) | 5 (1.5%) | 5.090 (1.630, 15.893) | .005 | |
| Time lag to initiate ART after diagnosis with HIV | Within the same month | 30 (26.5%) | 158 (46.6%) | 1 | |
| One to twenty four months | 65 (57.5%) | 157 (46.3%) | 2.180 (1.342, 3.544) | .002 | |
| After twenty four months | 18 (15.9%) | 24 (7.1%) | 3.950 (1.913, 8.157) | < .01 |
COR: Crude odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; 1: Reference category.