Table 3.
Comparison of Multi-theory model (MTM) constructs among vaccine-hesitant and non-hesitant groups.
| MTM Construct | Vaccine Hesitancy | p Value | Effect Size (Cohen d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 208) | No (n = 220) | |||
| Overall Initiation Score | 1.68 ± 1.47 | 3.06 ± 1.30 | <0.001 | 0.9 [Large] |
| Subscales | ||||
| Perceived Advantages | 7.07 ± 3.60 | 9.01 ± 3.10 | <0.001 | 0.6 [Medium] |
| Perceived Disadvantages | 8.36 ± 3.02 | 5.15 ± 3.12 | <0.001 | 1.0 [Large] |
| Participatory Dialogue | 1.66 ± 1.08 | 4.12 ± 1.01 | <0.001 | 0.2 [Small] |
| Behavior Confidence | 5.67 ± 4.09 | 8.84 ± 3.76 | <0.001 | 0.8 [Large] |
| Changes in the Physical Environment | 7.36 ± 3.65 | 9.21 ± 3.50 | <0.001 | 0.5 [Medium] |
Note: All measures are represented as mean ± standard deviation unless stated otherwise. Square root transformation was applied to non-normally distributed variables (e.g., Participatory Dialogue). Another reason to transform the PD was to convert negative values to positive for the ease of interpretation. The transformed variable was then back-transformed for easy interpretation. The calculated effect size was categorized as small, medium, and large according to the Cohen’s convention.