Figure 1.

ABA integrates environments signaling in regulating bud dormancy. During dormancy induction, SD and STCE stimulate ABA biosynthesis and induce bud dormancy via DAM and ABA signaling that blocks the plasmodesmata and slow down the cell cycle. After long term of chilling, endogenous ABA is decreased by cis- and trans- regulation. DAM/SVL is repressed when ABA was decreased, resulting in promoted GA in cells and degradation of callose at the plasmodesmata. Enhanced cell communication leads to active cell division and bud break. Note that this overview summarizes interactions reported in different species, which are not necessarily occurring simultaneously. Full lines and dashed lines specify established and putative/indirect regulation, respectively. LTCE: long term cold exposure; SD: short day; STCE: short term cold exposure.